Roca dels Bous Archaeological Project (RBAP) began in the 1980’s and has produced extensive data about the Neanderthal lifestyle and human occupations from Middle Paleolithic sites. RBAP aims to study Neanderthal occupations from a broad perspective, focusing on site formation processes, spatial distribution of artifacts and hearths, and diachronic and synchronic relationships between archaeological units. This field school combines both fieldwork and lab work with rigorous recovery techniques of the archaeological record. Roca dels Bous site is comprised of one of the most important Middle Paleolithic assemblages in North Eastern Iberia. This site provides the opportunity to excavate clear late Neanderthal contexts dated from 45,000 to 50,000 years BP. Different studies have been carried out in the last 10 years, including raw material identification and procurement, technological trends in flake production, geological setting and site formation processes, as well as the reconstruction of short term occupations inside palimpsest. Students will directly engage with archaeological problems in Roca dels Bous, excavating hearths, identifying raw materials and learning and processing complex stratigraphic challenges. Students will also take part in lab work, which includes cleaning, labelling, and cataloging daily recoveries from the site and using our DDBB, the projects’ ongoing database. RBAP is a simultaneously exciting and challenging experience for participants who are willing to maintain a positive learning atmosphere and are committed to diving into the detailed process of archaeological field research.